HIST 100: Engineering The Past

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4.1 Hagia Sophia

February 2, 2016 by mylesk 5 Comments

Within the Hagia Sophia there was a large collection of holy relics, displayed all around and a 49 ft. silver iconostasis. An Iconostasis is a wall of icons and religious paintings, separating the nave, which is the main body of the church, from the sanctuary. Relics usually consist of physical remains or the personal effects of a saint or venerated person, preserved for purposes of veneration as a tangible memorial. Relics are also an important feature in many different forms of religion such as Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism and Shamanism. In Catholic theology sacred relics were not to be worshiped, as they believed that only god should be worshiped and adored. At the beginning there were no processes to authenticate the relics that were being used as displays. Due to this, forgeries began to circulate and a lot of collectors were swindled into buying fake holy relics. The existence of counterfeit relics forced the Church to begin regulating their use and authenticity. Relics are now required to be sealed in a reliquary, and accompanied by a certificate of authentication signed and sealed by someone in the Congregation of Saints or by the local Bishop where the saint lived. If the holy relic is not properly authenticated then it cannot be used for public veneration.

Some of the more famous holy relics that have been housed in the Hagia Sophia are the Shroud of Mary, Nails from the true cross and the tombstone of Jesus. These relics were removed when the church was ransacked at the time of the fourth crusade.

Nave

Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagia_Sophia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relic

http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-asia/hagia-sophia-istanbul-secrets-god-003133?page=0%2C1

Photo Sources:

http://www.livius.org/a/turkey/istanbul/hagia_sophia/istanbul_hagia_sophia_nave_entrance_1.JPG

 

Filed Under: 04.1 Hagia Sophia, Group 1

1.2 Bridges

January 31, 2016 by mylesk Leave a Comment

The Brooklyn Bridge is a hybrid cable stayed/ suspension bridge, it is about 1.13 miles in length, it has a neo-Gothic design, the arches are pointed, it has open trusses, the cables have a diagonal design, it is tan and silver in color (originally it is said the color was red) and the towers are made of stone. Most of the pictures depict the bridge as part of the city skyline, rarely is it pictured by itself.

The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge, it is about 1.7 miles in length, it has a modernist design, the arches are square, the cables are straight up and down and it is International orange in color. Most of the pictures only show the bridge itself. There are a couple of pictures that show the city in the far background.

To me the differences in the way the bridges were built has to do with the change in time, they were built 50 years apart. When the Brooklyn Bridge was being built we had more of a European architectural style and bridges of the length and design was still fairly new. The materials that would have been available during this time would have been in line with the times. When the Golden Gate Bridge was built the architectural style was more modernist and bridge design had become much more advanced due to rapidly changing technology. Due to this the materials that would have been available would have been stronger and more advanced.

I think the fact that these bridges are still standing and have only needed renovated and reinforced shows the type of quality that was expected and the thought of the future that was seen. If you look at both New York City and San Francisco you can see that many of the designs of their cities have stood the test of time. They seemed to value quality work and planning and value the image the city holds for the rest of the world.

 

Filed Under: 01.2 Bridges, Group 1

MylesK: Competing Interpretations of the First Thanksgiving

January 30, 2016 by mylesk 3 Comments

Part I

  • I think the first reading is closest to what I learned as a child about the first Thanksgiving. All three of them had similarities and they each explained in a bit more detail other pieces of the history. The First was more traditional, the second reading was told in more of a religious tone and the third went into more detail about the couple years after the first Thanksgiving.
  • The first article comes closest to my current understanding of the events that took place. The reason is because it doesn’t seem to go into as much detail as the other two and is more traditional.
  • I don’t think my understanding of the events have changes as after elementary school I don’t remember learning much more about any of the events. The way I celebrate it has changed as I now celebrate it with my husband and his family. They have many traditions and are a bigger extended family than I had growing up. I also have come to enjoy family get-together’s and now that I have children of my own we have started our own traditions and I try and teach and learn with them and make memories.

Part 2

  • I find these interpretations very interesting. The reason I find these interpretations interesting is because it is a different spin on the actual meaning of the first Thanksgiving. I have come to understand as an adult that as children we are sheltered from a lot of harsh realities of life and never told the “truth”. We become adults and are unprepared for how “hard” life really is, and we have to find out on our own that life is not a fairytale.
  • As with anything else if you read or hear about something from multiple sources or multiple times you are bound to be influenced or believe some part of the content. I think this information did change my understanding of the post first thanksgiving time and let us know that initially the Pilgrims were contracted to try and make socialism work and they came to realize that it didn’t, so they changed to a free market and this (along with knowledge from the Native Americans) is the reason for their long term success.
  • The first author was a high school professor but couldn’t find any title that would give a clear explanation of his views so he came up with his own titles and wrote his own books. He encompassed bits and pieces from other titles and names to come up with his way of looking at things. He has a libertarian perspective and writes in epistolary form. The second author is a radio talk show host who is a conservative political commentator. The third seems to be a business man, religious, served under President Bush, a professor and has written a couple of books. Looks like he is trying to bring the Christian worldview to the body of Crist. Lastly, this one doesn’t seem to have a specific author but more the website is the America Institute for Economic research and the founder was E.C Harwood. He was a military man and intensively studied economics.
  • My views did not change with the research of the authors and the website but I do have reservations when it comes to reading anything anyone writes as I know their bias and agendas are part of their writings and they want you to believe what they have come to understand as their truths.

Part 3

  • I found these readings to be just as interesting as the readings in step two because they looked more at the Native American aspects. It did go over some of the same information the step two presented, which was the pilgrims starting out with a socialist society and converting to capitalism because socialism wasn’t working. Then in started to bring up a new side that the pilgrims did not change to the free market because they were staving and having other problems or else they would have never had the “first thanksgiving” feast. They changed because they wanted to try something new. Also, interesting was looking at different ways to teach about the origins of Thanksgiving in the classroom.
  • I do find these reading to be compelling as they bring up alternate views from the reading in step two and brought up the Native American side. I think that it makes you think how a simple story can have many different meanings, sides and versions depending on what and who you are talking about or to. These readings have changed my understanding, as now I know that the event wasn’t as simple as it seemed to be and there are different things to consider based on who is writing this information.
  • The first readings author is a National correspondent at the New York Times and has done extensive coverage of the Tea Party Movement. The second audio was done by NPR’s Bob Edwards who was with NPR for 24 years before going over to Sirius XM radio to host a show. The third article was by Gary Hopkins who is the Founder, Editor in Chief at education world his responsibilities include planning the content of student and teacher editions and managing the teams that produce them. The fourth reading looks to be from Russell M. Peters who is Wampanoag and sits on several councils in the state, local and national level. Lastly, is the suppressed speech written by Frank James, who was a Wampanoag.
  • Researching the authors didn’t necessarily change how I viewed the interpretations but it solidified which ones I think are factual versus political views.

Part 4

  • I think that a historian would have to do a lot of reading from both first hand and second hand sources, complete fact checking with other known accounts from around that time period, have multiple discussions with other historians that are looking at the same event. Another aspect is to have many proofreaders so that it is considered from many different points of view. I do believe as with anything else that it is very hard to be objective and accurate because everyone interprets events different depending on their our own life experiences. This applies to the Governor of New Plymouth’s account, others interpretations of his account and the historians interpretations of sources.
  • The average person would do a lot of Internet research and would most likely come to a conclusion based on the views that they have adapted over the years. I think for the most part these articles where all providing similar accounts of the information provided but interpreting it in a different way based on the views of the author or company they are working for.
  • I think you could get a primary source about the first Thanksgiving from a historical museum, library, or from an Internet search from a reliable source.
  • I feel like I would look at the library or an Internet search from a reliable source.

Filed Under: 03.2 Competing Interpretations of the first Thanksgiving, Group 1

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